Google Data Analytics Professional Certification Practice Test

What is an observation in the context of a data table?

1. A collection of related data points

2. All attributes contained in a row of a data table

3. A singular data value

4. A method for verifying data accuracy

The correct answer is: All attributes contained in a row of a data table

In the context of a data table, an observation refers to a row within that table, which typically contains all the attributes or variables related to a single entity or record in your dataset. Each observation encompasses the entire set of data points for one specific item or subject you are measuring or analyzing. For instance, if you have a data table that tracks various metrics for different customers, each row represents a unique customer. This row would include various attributes such as the customer's name, purchase history, location, and any other relevant information. Therefore, when considering the complete profile of one record or entity, the row itself—comprising all these attributes—defines that observation. This understanding is crucial in data analytics because observations are the foundational units of analysis; from these, you derive insights, perform aggregations, and draw conclusions. Having clarity on what constitutes an observation helps analysts properly structure data and apply analytical techniques effectively.